Machine for forming hollow articles from pulp



(Specimens.)

M. L. KEYES.

K MACHINE POB. FORMING HOLLOW ARTICLES FROM PULP.

Patented Ma.

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i on the out-side surtacc ot the iormcr is com- UNITED STATES ATENT Erica MARTIN L. KEYES, 0F GL'HAM, A SSIGNOR T() THE INl-NRAIED-FIBR COMPANY, Ol PORTLAND, MAINE. i

`-MACHINE FOR FORMING HOLLOW AR-T19LES FROM PULP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 342,609, dated May 25, 1886.

Application filed Jununry 2H, 1886. Serial Nn.llll0'.(l58. (Xo model.) l

To all whom z'z may concern:

'Be it known that I, MARrIN L. KEYES, a citizen of the United States, residing at Gorham, in the county of Cumberland and State of Maine, have invented certain ncw and useful Improvements in Machines for Forming Hollow Articles from Pulp; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invent-ion, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the saine, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to theletters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

Myinventioirrclates to machinesv'for-mak- Y ing hollow articles-#such as pails, tubs&c.-

from wood or paper pulp, and it is particularly designed as an improvement on Patent No. 2S7,i16, dated October 17, 1883, granted to J. G. Bodge;

- Thcobject of my invention as applied to.

pailannchincs is to form on the bottom of the pail a chine or annular projection around the lower cdge of the pail in the .place ot' the 'rounded corner previously made by these machines.

The invention consists in the insertion in the top oi' the rubber bag or diaphragm used in the A.nnichincs of a rigid head or disk con- .tai-ning a groove around the outer edge ofthe under side of said disk, Awithin which groove the pulp is deposited and compressed to form the chine ofthey'pail, thc disk being connected with a centering-rod, which extends upward through the top of the outer dome. The rigid head referred to is constructed in such a manner us to preventits clinging to the bottom ol' the pail after the same has been formed and is heilig removed.

In lhe Hodge maehine,on which my present invention is designed as animprovement, a rubber bag or diaphragm enveloping thcoutside of a pcrlbrated former is used, and be tween the bag and the former the pulp is introduced, which pulp, after being deposited pressed against it by a hydraulic pressure applied to the outside of thc bag.l ln this ,op eration the corners ol' thc bottom ofthe plp pail become more compressed than the other parts, and areconscqucntiy rounded, necessitating the use of the chinehoop to give. the pail a proper form when finished. Attempts have been made to forni a square corner on the bottom `of the pail by molding the rubber bag with a square stiffened corner on its inner edge; but these attempts have failed because the head ofthe bag, having no means of cen-- tering itself, could not be relied upon to come down in the proper place.

My invention therefore consists in attaching to the top of the rubber bag a. rigid head rabbeted `or grooved around the under edge to form the chine of the pail, or otherwise formed to conform to the exterior surface'of thegrticle to be made, saidheadhaviug acentering rod or spindlepassing u p through thetop of the dome, andan arrangement of air-ducts,

to prevent the pulp from clinging tothe head when the pail is removed.

My invention is fully illustrated in the accomp'auying drawings, in which Figure l is a central vertical section through the Bodge machine embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is, an enlarged section through head D, as hereinafter shown. Fig. 3 is a sectional view ot' chine-pail produced by my improvedv ma-.

chine; and Fig. 4 is an'enlargedsection through the chine' of the same, "showing the manner in which the ber -is laid.

A is the outer dome or cylinder of the Hodge l machine.

H is the former, resting on its base B. h is the wire-gauze 4used on the outside of former H, and L is a duct for the admission of stock through the'base B. The duct Lopens into the space ybetween the rubber bag C, which surrounds the former H, and-the exterior of the former by a narrow slit, Z, w ich surrounds the base of the former, and w ich is closed by an inward-opening hap-valve, o.

n is a rubber packing, which packs the 'base B withilhc bed-piece .lt on whichthe The base B is supported by dome A rests. the lugs ll', which'run up, und down on the slides P. l

S is a pipe entering the top of dome A, having a three-way cock, S.

`Q isia pipe leading from the interior of the former'I-I downward through base B.

I shall now proceed to describe the parts ol the machine on which I base my claims for from what has been used 'previous to my invention. Secured to the upper portion of the rubbe y'ong C is the hollow head D. This head cousists ofan upper plate, D, a lower plate, D', and a ring, D. rI his ring D has around its periphery a rabbet or groove, d, having' the The upper edge ofthe rubber bag C vis ,clamped between the upper plate and the ring IV. An expansible rubber disk, D", extends over the lower facenof plate D', its edges being clamped between the ring D and thc lower plate, D.

The top -a'nd the interior walls of the groove d are lined with wiregauze, d', and the ring DE is pierced by numerous small ducts 1P', extending from the walls of the groove d to the hollow chamber iu the interior of the head I). A hollow centering-rod, E, is-serewed into the top platefl), and extends upward through the stuin hbox Fin the top of the dome A. The ductf in the interior of the rod E connects at its lowerend with the chamberf, and opens into the air by` the oifsetf. W is a weight, which is slipped on over the rodE. The duct f opens from the chamberf dow uward through the lower plate, D. The diameter ofthe upper plate, D, is made somewhat larger than the other parts of the head for the reason hereinafter specified.

a is a rim raised around the upper edge of the dome, and a` is a drainage-pipe leading from the space inclosed by said rim. The recess I surrounds the low'er part of the dome A, and is separated 'from the interior of the dome bythe perforated metal plate 1". '.lhe pi e J leads from the recess I.

Vhen a pail is to be formed, the pulp or stock'is forced under pressure throughthe duct L and the narrow slit liuto Vthe space between the. bag C and the former H. The bag C is thus expanded. outward against the interior surface of the dome A, the head D being at the same time lifted upward against the top of the dome. 4The outer edge of the upper plate, D, projecting out beyond the` bag C,'prevents the bag from folding over 'the edge of the head D, and thus 'cutting the rubber. The wat-er from the paperv stock passing through the walls of the former H deposits the liber on its exterior surface. A deposit is also made within the groove d, the water from the stock passing through the gauze d and the ducts d', f, f', andf to the air, where it drops down on the top of the dome A, and runs ott' through the draiuagepilgie a. When' the pulp has been deposited of sufficient thickness to form the pail, the supply is shut o", and water or con-:pressed air under a' heavy pressure is let in through pipe S to the space outside the rubber bag, the pipe J being closed. Under this pressure aud thc pressure of the weight W the head D is forced downward,

and the bag C at the same time pressed inwa rd from all sides, contracting around the ontersurface of thc deposited pulp, the vnlveclosing and preventingthebackiiow of pulp in duct L. The head D bearing within the groove d the deposit of ber, descends on the top of the formed pulp, the fiber in the groove diuniting and forming 'a homeogeneous mass with that. deposited'abont the edge of the former,

and completing and perfecting the formation of the bottom of the pail, which takes the exact shape of the interior surface of the head D. The heavy pressure thus exerted ou the top of the head D and the sides of the rubber bag C sqneezes the greatest part of the water from the pulp and consolidates it intoa solid mass without disturbing the structure of the ber, which is laid with a laminated structuresil'milar to the structure' of ordinary paper as laid on a paper-machine. The pail having been thus formed, the former H, bearing on its outer surface the formed pail, is lowered by suitable machinery, the bag C,ceaving gradually from l the sides of the pail, andl the head D follow ing it down,a valve in the pipe J being meauwhile opened to allowthe escape ofthe water or air used for pressure. When the sides of bag C are entirely cleaved away from the sur face of the pulp, the elastic, disk D* will draw away fron. the surface of the head D, sucking in water behind it through the duct f, and will gradually cleave from the bottom of the pail. The ducts d'. by admitting water freely behind the chined, facilitate its removal with out disturbing the ber. Being relieved from the pail the'disk D returns to its former po-y sition. If the rubber disk D' or some similar venting device were not used the pulp would cling solidly to the head D and be removed with difficulty. 4The lbottom of the pail as thus formed on my improved machine, beside being molded to the exact shape desired, is furnished with a. .smooth and even surface, which requires litt-le or no sand-papering or other finishing. This is not vtrue of those parts ofthe pail formed in contact ofthe rubber bag, which bag, being very elastic, forms the pulp with a more or less uneven surface,

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requiring the outside of the pail when dry to be turned down and sand-papered-at a considerable expense. Any desired form of chine may be made by altering the shape of' the groove d; or, if asquare corner is desired, the head Dean be made perfectly' plain. Beside e-fecting the formation of the bottom of t-lle pail, l effect a more even `distribution of the pulp around the sides by accurately centering the bag C. I

By cenientingv raised letters or figures ou the surface of the disk. D I am able to im print on the bottoms ofthe pails labels, &c.

'The laminated structure of the fiber with which the chille d is made up (see Fig. 4) renders this chine as solid and substantial as any portion of the pail, a result which has not before been attained in paper pails, and Ian! thus able to nish the pail without the use o't an y protecting-hoops around the bottom.

'.lhc weight W' is necessary to make up for the loss of pressure resulting from the use ot' 

